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Bias

Bias is a term used to describe a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective, ideology or result, especially when the tendency interferes with the ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.^[1] The term biased is used to describe an action, judgment, or other outcome influenced by a prejudged perspective. It is also used to refer to a person or body of people whose actions or judgments exhibit bias.

[edit] Psychology of bias

In psychology, cognitive bias is bias based on cognitive factors. One type of cognitive bias is confirmation bias, the tendency to interpret new information in such a way that confirms one's prior beliefs, even to the extreme of denial, ignoring information that conflicts with one's prior beliefs. The fundamental attribution error, also known as "correspondence bias", is one example of such bias, in which people tend to explain others' behavior in terms of personality, whereas they tend to explain their own behavior in terms of the situation.^[2][3]

[edit] Types of biases

• Cultural: interpreting and judging phenomena in terms particular to one's own culture.
• Ethnic or racial: racism, nationalism, regionalism and tribalism.
• Geographical: describing a dispute as it is conducted in one country, when the dispute is framed differently elsewhere.
• Inductive
• Media: real or perceived bias of journalists and news producers within the mass media, in the selection of which events will be reported and how they are covered
• Gender: including sexism and heteronormativity.
• Linguistic: bias, favoring certain languages
• Political: bias in favor of or against a particular political party, philosophy, policy or candidate.
• Corporate: bias in favor of a business.
• Advertising: bias with observations motivated for selling an opinion rather than using objectivity.
• Sociological: bias in favor of a society's ideals. bias for groups needs/wants.
• Entertainment: bias in favor of entertaining an audience
• Personal: bias for personal gain.
• Religious: bias for or against religion, faith or beliefs;
• Sensationalist: favoring the exceptional over the ordinary. This includes emphasizing, distorting, or fabricating exceptional news to boost commercial ratings.
• Scientific (including anti-scientific and scientific skepticism): favoring (or disfavoring) a scientist, inventor, or theory for non-scientific reasons. This can also include excessive favoring (or disfavoring) prevalent scientific opinion, if in doing so, other viewpoints are no longer being treated neutrally.
• 2 entries found.
  
  

  1. tendency
  2. central tendency

  
  

  Main Entry:

  ten·den·cy

  Pronunciation:

  \ˈten-dən(t)-sē\

  Function:

  noun

  Inflected Form(s):

  plural ten·den·cies

  Etymology:

  Medieval Latin tendentia, from Latin tendent-, tendens, present participle of tendere

  Date:

  1628

  1 a: direction or approach toward a place, object, effect, or limit b: a proneness to a particular kind of thought or action2 a: the purposeful trend of something written or said : aim b: deliberate but indirect advocacy

  synonyms tendency , trend , drift , tenor , current mean movement in a particular direction. tendency implies an inclination sometimes amounting to an impelling force <a general tendency toward inflation>. trend applies to the general direction maintained by a winding or irregular course <the long-term trend of the stock market is upward>. drift may apply to a tendency determined by external forces <the drift of the population away from large cities> or it may apply to an underlying or obscure trend of meaning or discourse <got the drift of her argument>. tenor stresses a clearly perceptible direction and a continuous, undeviating course <the tenor of the times>. current implies a clearly defined but not necessarily unalterable course <an encounter that changed the current of my life>.
  Learn more about "tendency" and related topics at Britannica.com
  See a map of "tendency" in the Visual Thesaurus
  

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  AIMS began in 1981 as a National Science Foundation project at Fresno Pacific University, where 80 classroom teachers explored the effectiveness of integrating mathematics and science in grades 5-9. The initial materials, based on the AIMS Model of Learning (see below), produced such positive results that the project was expanded to embrace grades K-9.

  In 1986, the project was incorporated as the AIMS Education Foundation, an independent non-profit organization. The Foundation is still located on the campus of Fresno Pacific University, and we continue to base our activities on the AIMS Model of Learning, as well as on research in best practices and brain-based learning.

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